If we get white hat hackers who point out those loopholes without using it for their benefit, we need to give them a sufficient amount of recognition, of integrating into society, of having the society think that they make useful contribution.

Security researchers are people who are motivated primarily by curiosity. A hacker is somebody who learns a system so that they know the entire system down to the details, including the loopholes.

The National Academy of Education Research.

Not something that you can take four of five hours a week, or anything, but require that all the curriculum and textbook makers to integrate this into every single discipline, so that they learn the discipline in a way that makes use of information technology while keeping critical thinking and ...

It is very important that they learn how to learn, and learn how to collaborate, not only with other human being, but also with artificial intelligences as they are learning. We’re designing information technology and media literacy as one of the core concerns. Not as a class.

In one of those core concerns of the new curriculum, we put students’ autonomy as the most important thing. This is important because in future high-tech, if people are going to school when they’re seven years old, we cannot predict the technology when they become senior high school students.

As for your second question, before I become the digital minister, I was involved in the National Academy of Educational Research to design the curriculum for next year. For the next year we’re going to switch to a new curriculum that puts learning first, and not teaching first. It is ...

Second, it gets a due processing, so that it becomes no longer private data, before it can be transmitted across agencies. Third, to have an independent panel of at least one-third of external experts to audit our national policy on open data for each and every ministry so that they ...

What we, in Taiwan, is doing is instilling -- inspired by the European Union’s way of data protection -- a way in the national administration to handle the policy of private data. Make sure that, first, when we collect private data, we minimize the collection.

A lot of information is kept by the government for our governmental purposes, but we don’t need, actually, to take hold of this much information. For many different use cases we can ask for people’s consent or to ask people to provide it again, instead of saying we keep all ...

In Taiwan we put a lot of emphasis, both on cybersecurity, and on PETs, what we call privacy-enhancing technologies. Privacy-enhancing technologies are technologies that protects people’s privacy at the moment of collecting it.

The role of government changes from the one who set the rules to the one to make sure everybody understands where everybody else is standing on, and getting some consensus where everybody can live with.

For us, instead of having a bureaucracy deciding the next plan for four years, for eight years, what we’re now learning is this multi-stakeholder model, which from the very beginning have all the stakeholders, people who’ll get impacted by the technology, to input their experience, their feelings, their will, their ...

This is a very different way from the patriarchal way of policymaking, like a parent knows best and decide the rules for children. Because the private sector and the civil society are no longer children now. They all have their own, very adult, organizational methods.

As for your second question, what is the most important issue when working on open government, especially around IT policymaking? It is a change in mentality. Instead of saying "we know everything and we have a plan for the private sector," the public servants are now learning to say "we ...

People need, in the public service, to listen better across ministries, and also across the different sectors. Only by this kind of cultural change can we use the maximum extent of digital transformation, because otherwise we would just be using the new tools in the old way.

Many of our internal working, even though we are using electronic technology, the workflow is still the paper-based workflow with a very rigid, bureaucratic, tree-like, hierarchical structure. This is what technology can change, but it has to also change with the culture.

All the protests, all the NGOs already restructured their working around the advent of mobile communication, and even of machine learning. That leaves the public sector. The public sector is the slowest to adapt to the technological change.

Great questions. I’ll answer separately, the answers, one by one. As the digital minister, my main work is using digital technologies to transform the way the public service works. Already we see mobile technology, artificial intelligence transforming not only the private sector on how they structure their workflow, but also ...

For the government to trust people more and to listen to people’s ideas and feelings, and have people listen to each other’s feelings and experiences. I will talk about those, the technology and the culture to enable this open government.

I’m very happy also that our Ministry of Foreign Affairs considered it is worthwhile for me to go to Korea to approve this trip, and I really treasure it. As for my keynote, I will be talking about open government, which is my main work in Taiwan, and how we ...

In fact, I was doing exactly that in more than a dozen countries before becoming a minister, and after becoming a minister, I find that my travel is severely limited. I have to get approval for any country that I want to go to, so I had to resort to ...

I was invited by the CODEGATE event, and because it’s reasonably close and there’s no jet lag, it only takes a couple hours to get here, so I accepted this very gracious arrangement because I always treasure the opportunity to talk with IT practitioners all over the world.

Just tomorrow, I will be talking with the government 3.0 people and also the Smart City people. I will have a lot of questions to ask, but so far I only have questions and no answers. Sorry, I just arrived.

Sure. This is my first time in Korea. I just arrive yesterday. People told me about the air, or about the weather. I found the air is very clean, and the weather very good when I arrived. About the IT industry, I’m still learning.

Thank you. It was a pleasure for me as well.

Yeah. Any final questions?

Two dogs and seven cats.

I live with seven cats and two dogs, and have been living with them for 10 years now. It is a very large family, it’s just not human children, and I do plan to continue living with them.

Even when I decided to change my name, I made sure that my new name is OK by my father, [laughs] and that he also think it’s a good name before I changed my name into it. As for family, I already have a family. It’s just not human children. ...

When I developed this kind of thoughts, when I was an adolescent, I think they think in more philosophical stance rather than a psychological thing. I think they’re pretty friendly, and we keep dialoging.

Instead of transition, I would say that I’m just post-gender or post-genre, meaning that I don’t think there should be things that only one gender should do. I think anything that is declared is discrimination. I’m more against discrimination than against any kind of particular gender identity. That’s the first.

My family is really non‑rigid as far as gender stereotype goes. My mom was very expressive and was raised in a very androgynous manner, and so they don’t tell me what a man or a woman should or shouldn’t do.

Go ahead.

It’s very important to have this co‑piloting mechanism between the AI pilot and the human driver for the foreseeable future before we can even think about going to fully autonomous driving.

We need to have augmented reality system projected on the window of the car to have the driver know what the AI are thinking about the situation, and not just very low bandwidth SMS‑like messages, because then it will be too late.

At the moment, there’s still always somebody behind the wheel to take over when the machine fears that they don’t have the confidence to handle the situation. Another very important thing is the human machine hand‑off.

Basically, as the spirit of Turing Test, if AI can handle all the situations the human can imagine, and through at it, at a simulation, then we can judge it based on how it thinks and explains itself and their stimulation scenarios.

Human testers describe the situation to human drivers, when they’re taking the drivers’ test and see whether they have the good...and this is essentially the same that we put the pilots also into in their cockpit simulations.

First we can do it through simulation. You can invent some simulation scenario, and try to put the algorithms in and see if it behaves the way you think it should behave. This is how actually we test real human testers.

Go ahead.

Again, as the AI and IoT technologies becomes part of not only our life but become part of ourselves, it is very important. Just like the medical knowledge enables us to know what is happening with my own body, my extended body also needs the same kind of self‑introspection and ...

This creates a false sense of security, but then, when cyber terrorism or other attacks happen, people will panic because they did not know that their system, which they rely on, doesn’t have the property that they imagine that it have.

Because if people cannot tell a rigorous system versus some non‑rigorous system, people will not ask technology what they want to feel secure. People will just blindly accept whatever the vendors push to them.

If you go to those security theaters for...this a lot like rumors. If you go to a lot of security theaters, people lose the ability to tell a rigorous system versus a non‑rigorous system. I think this is of utmost importance.

For me feeling secure is the goal, and this is just the mechanism, the instrumentation for it. On the other hand, there is a lot of what we call security theater, which means that not going through the rigorous mathematical proof, but just to enact on theater and trick people ...

If their proof‑carrying code and all those advanced verification mechanisms cannot translate it to the language that everybody, common people, understands, they may achieve the mathematical definition of security, but there is no psychological or sociological definition of security, of feeling secure.

In Mandarin Chinese, in the language that we use, we say 資安, the 安 meaning "at ease," a calmness with information. This is important when I’m sitting in a self‑driving car, for example, because if the system is mathematically proven, it satisfies a lot of properties, all the engineers, everybody, ...

Security, this word in English is very interesting, because it describes both a property of a system and also a state of mind. I feel secure versus a secured system.

I think the utmost importance is to get people to still see Internet as a secure place by having the literacy of telling insecure communication with secure communication, and keep to the secure communication methods so that people can still form communities where it still becomes possible to talk with ...